Myotonic dystrophy 21%, 13 trisomy syndrome 12%.Prader–Willi syndrome 50%, Werdnig–Hoffman syndrome 10%.When these factors are present, the probability of breech presentation is between 4% and 50%. The incidence of breech presentation is affected by both maternal and fetal diseases and medical conditions. Endogenous factors involve fetal inability to adequately move, whereas exogenous factors refer to insufficient intrauterine space available for fetal movements. This failure to change presentation can result from endogenous and exogenous factors. Ī breech presentation at delivery occurs when the fetus does not turn to a cephalic presentation. In the general population, incidence of breech presentation at preterm corresponds to the incidence of breech presentation when birth occurs. breech presentation around 3–4% and cephalic presentation approximately 95%. In the third period, from the 36th gestational week onward, the incidence of cephalic and breech presentations remain stable, i.e. The increase of this probability is gradual and identical for breech and cephalic presentations during this period. The second period is characterized by a higher than random probability that the fetal presentation during this period will also be present at the time of delivery. The fetuses in breech presentation during this period have the same probability for breech and cephalic presentation at delivery.ĭuring the second period, lasting from the 25th to the 35th gestational week, the incidence of cephalic presentation increases, with a proportional decrease of breech presentation. This period is characterized by frequent changes of presentations. ĭuring the first period, which lasts until the 24th gestational week, the incidence of a longitudinal lie increases, with equal proportions of breech or cephalic presentations from this lie. With regard to the fetal presentation during pregnancy, three periods have been distinguished. OB-GYNs do not recommend home births if a breech birth is expected, even when attended by a medical professional. Also, delivering all breech babies by caesarean section in developing countries is difficult to implement as there are not always resources available to provide this service. Doctors and midwives in the developing world often lack many of the skills required to safely assist women giving birth to a breech baby vaginally. Most babies in the breech position are delivered via caesarean section because it is seen as safer than being born vaginally. Breech births also occur in many other mammals such as dogs and horses, see veterinary obstetrics. Due to their higher than average rate of possible complications for the baby, breech births are generally considered higher risk. Around 3–5% of pregnant women at term (37–40 weeks pregnant) have a breech baby. Drawing of a frank breech from 1754 by William SmellieĪ breech birth is when a baby is born bottom first instead of head first, as is normal.
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